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[[File:Neopronounflag.png|thumb|220x220px|The neopronoun user flag by uncommongenders.]]
[[File:Neopronoun Flag.png|thumb|220x220px|Neopronouns Flag by Geekycorn on DeviantArt.]]
'''Neopronouns''' are any set of singular third-person [[pronouns]] that are not officially recognized in the language they are used in, typically created with the intent of being a gender neutral pronoun set. In English, and many other [[wikipedia:Indo-European languages|Indo-European languages]], third-person pronouns can be gendered. In English, "she/her" is most often used by women, "he/him" most often by men, and "they/them" by non-binary
[[File:Neopronouns.png|thumb|220x220px|A neopronoun user flag by ferns-garden.]]
Some
== Regional Nominative Pronouns ==
Some regional dialects of English historically had or still have gender neutral pronouns that were or are not used outside of their respective dialects. All of these pronouns have only been recorded in their nominative form. As far as linguists know, there are no other forms of these words (possessive, reflexive, etc
These pronouns do not strictly fit the definition of neopronouns, as they developed naturally in the language and, as far as we know, were not created by
=== A (nominative only) ===
In 1789, William H. Marshall documented the use of ''a'', used by 14th century English writer, John of Trevisa. Both the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) and Wright's English Dialect Dictionary confirm the use of "a" in place of "he," "she," "it," "they," and even "I." It is a reduced form of the [[wikipedia:Old English|Old English]] pronoun, "he," meaning "he" and "heo" meaning "she
=== Ou (nominative only) ===
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=== Yo (nominative only) ===
In addition to an interjection and greeting, ''yo'' is a gender-neutral pronoun in a dialect of [[wikipedia:African-American Vernacular English|African-American Vernacular English]] (AAVE) spoken by middle school students in Baltimore, Maryland, the student body of which is 97% African-American. These students had spontaneously created the pronoun as early as 2004, and commonly used it. A study by Stotko and Troyer in 2007 examined this pronoun. The speakers used ''yo'' only for same-age peers, not adults or authorities. The speakers thought of it as a slang word that was informal, but they also thought if it as just as acceptable as ''he'' or ''she''. ''Yo'' was used for
== List of Neopronouns ==
There have been many instances of
=== Thon ===
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|/ðɑnsɛlf/
|}
One of the first known instances of someone purposely creating a new gender
=== E ===
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|/ɛ<sup>ɹ</sup>sɛlf/
|}
In his 1920 novel, ''A Voyage to Arcturus'', David Lindsay invented the ''ae'' pronoun set for an alien race, which were born from air and of a third sex. These pronouns are still somewhat well known on the internet.
=== Co ===
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<sup>†</sup>Both spellings can be pronounced either way.
The ''ve'' pronoun set was created sometime in the early 1970s. It is unclear who originally invented this pronoun set or when, and it is possible that
=== Xe ===
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|/ɛmsɛlf/
|}
The Elverson pronouns were created by Christine M. Elverson of Skokie, Illinois, to win a contest to create an alternative to the singular ''they'' in 1975. They were formed by dropping the first two letters from ''they'' and its inflections.
It is unclear what sort of lexical agreement these pronouns would take. The pronouns can only be used as singular pronouns, so they could presumably be conjugated the same way as other singular pronoun sets (ie: "Ey ''was'' eating.") However, since these pronouns were based
=== Hu (humanist pronouns) ===
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|/hjusɛlf/
|}
<sup>†</sup>Pronunciation is assumed to match that in 'human' both for the theme and to distinguish it from the word 'who
Also known as "humanist pronouns", this set was created by Sasha Newborn in 1982, in a college humanities text. They are obviously based on the word ''human''.<ref>http://www.hupronoun.org/</ref> They could be considered the first instance of [[Nounself Pronouns|nounself pronouns]].
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|/ɛmsɛlf/
|}
The "Spivak pronouns" were created in 1990 by Michael Spivak. They were used in his manual ''The Joy of TeX'' so that no
=== Ze ===
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|/zə<sup>ɹ</sup>sɛlf/
|}
Similar to the ''xe'' pronoun set, there are several different versions of this pronoun set. ''Ze'' is also pronounced the same way as ''xe''. It was likely based on the German plural
Another version was possibly independently created by Kate Bornstein in the 1998 book ''My Gender Workbook''. This version uses ''ze'' (sometimes ''zie'' or ''sie'') and ''hir''. The most popular variation of these pronouns are based on this version and were created in 2013.
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|It has to drive ''itself'' to school.
|}
[[File:It its pronouns.png|thumb|220x220px|It/Its Pronouns Flag by Geekycorn on DeviantArt]]''It'' is the pronoun for inanimate objects in English, though some
Some
▲Some people may consider ''it'' to be a neopronoun when used for people, while others do not. On the one hand ''it'' is a recognized pronoun in English, however, it is typically only used for inanimate objects. Being used to refer to people is not conventionally part of ''it''<nowiki/>'s usage.
=== One ===
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|One has to drive ''oneself'' to school.
|}
''One'' is a gender neutral pronoun for a generic
=== Alternating Pronouns ===
Instead of using an alternative or gender
=== No Pronouns/Pronoun Dropping ===
Also called non-pronouns, null pronouns, or [[Nullpronoun|pronounless]]. Some
===Nounself Pronouns===
[[Nounself Pronouns|Nounself]] pronouns are type of neopronoun that are derived
=== Emojiself Pronouns ===
[[Emojiself Pronouns|Emojiself
=== Nameself Pronouns ===
[[Namepronouns|Nameself]] pronouns are a subcategory of neopronouns that use an individual's name, or a shortened/altered version of it, to create a pronoun set. It can sometimes be considered a form of pronoun dropping. For example, someone named Samantha may use sam/sams pronouns.
== Flag ==
The purple neopronoun flag was designed by DeviantArt user Geekycorn on April 25, 2020. The stripes, in order, represent agender neopronoun users, neopronoun-using men, neopronoun-using women, nonbinary/genderqueer/other neopronoun users, and multigender neopronoun users.
The green and orange neopronoun flag was designed by Tumblr user Ferns-Garden/Beanjamoose on or before
The green and purple neopronoun flag was designed by Tumblr user Uncommongenders on June 5, 2018. The meaning is unknown.<ref>https://uncommongenders.tumblr.com/post/174605594564/okay-so-i-wanted-to-make-hq-versions-of</ref>
The xe/xem flag and the it/its flag were designed by Tumblr user love-all-around1223 on April
==
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[[Category:Terminology]]
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