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[[File:Bissu.png|thumb|220x220px|The bissu flag.]]
'''Bissu''' is a gender from the Bugis culture of South Sulawesi, in southern Indonesia. Bissu are often called "gender
== History ==
Bissu have been part of Bugis society for at least six centuries.<ref name=":3">{{Archive|Site=web|URL=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-02-27/indonesia-fifth-gender-might-soon-disappear/10846570}}</ref> Much of the Bugis and thus Bissu history is passed on in oral traditions.<ref>{{Archive|Site=web|URL=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20071100 (Preview) }}</ref><ref name=":2" /> Bugis mythology features Bissu coming down from heaven to help humanity.<ref name=":2" />
After the spread of Islam in the 17th century, the Bissu initially coexisted peacefully alongside Islam. A shift occurred in the 1950s and 60s when an Islamic fundamentalist movement took hold, leading to violent persecution and banning of their ceremonies. Since the late 1990s, people worked to revive the tradition, and Bissu have found wide acceptance in some communities, including by devoted Muslim Buginese people.<ref>Leonardo Pegoraro. (29 May 2019) Notes from South Sulawesi: Gender diversity in Bugis society. {{Archive|Site=web|URL=https://pair.australiaindonesiacentre.org/news/notes-from-south-sulawesi-gender-diversity-in-bugis-society/ Retrieved 2021-12-05}}</ref> Nonetheless, the tradition is challenged by a larger backdrop of anti-LGBTA sentiment in Indonesia, with fewer people choosing to become Bissu.<ref name=":3" /> Bissu traditions are considered a cultural asset by the government. As recently as 2019, Pangkep Dasriana, the former head of cultural issues of the South Sulawesi tourism and culture agency, worked to preserve and promote Bissu traditions in festivals not just within Suwlawesi, but across Indonesia.<ref>{{Archive|Site=web|URL=https://en.tempo.co/read/923514/saving-sulawesis-nearly-extinct-bissu-community}}</ref>
In the contemporary Bugis socierty, Bissu still hold a respected role as priests in their communities, performing blessings and ritual ceremonies in all parts of Bugis life.<ref name=":1" /> Calalai and calabai can also be called Bissu and perform blessings and ceremonies.<ref>Bambang Muryanto (2019-02-03). [{{Archive|Site=web|URL=https://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2019/02/02/transgender-artists-trace-origin-of-bissu-in-south-sulawesi.html "Transgender artists trace origin of 'bissu' in South Sulawesi"}}]. The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 2021-12-05.</ref>
== Flag ==
The flag was designed by an anonymous submitter to the Tumblr blog ask-pride-color-schemes on December 21, 2016<ref>{{Archive|Site=web|URL=https://ask-pride-color-schemes.tumblr.com/post/154744340544/image-large-red-flag-background-with-a-large}}</ref>. The color red is significant in Indonesian culture- it's on the Indonesian flag and symbolizes joy and good luck. Yellow is often associated with women, and white with men.
== Resources ==
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[[Category:Gender]]
[[Category:Exclusive Identities]]
[[Category:Intersex Genders]]
[[Category:Exclusive Genders]]
[[Category:Cultural Genders]]
[[Category:Verified Resources]]
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